Social Media and Sleep duration
Ragah Korin
Individual & Society
Proferrer Michael Tate
December 9,2020

Social media addiction is the excessive use of social media. The effects of social media, and the lack of sleep on young teenager’s mental health. Social media can be very addictive and is used constantly for several reasons. These platforms are known to waste time throughout the day. Teens are so addictive to their phones and are always on social media to get recent updates. Social media is controlling the modern world and Individuals are addicted to these social media platforms. It affects the number of hours a user acquires, which determines their sleep duration. The use of social media can cause teens to gain less sleep. Sleep is one of the most important aspects for repairing the body and for the development of the brain. The more time we use our phone screens the less time we must sleep. On average a person should sleep about 7-8 hours at minimum. The lack of sleep relates to the physical health of a human being. The brain with the right amount of sleep builds new connections and thoughts during that time of day. Without the right amount of sleep, the brain and body would not function correctly. Social media is addictive because there is no end, there is always more to what I can find and look at. Social media apps can be used for hours and one may not even notice the time flying by. Your brain prepares for sleep when you go to bed, but by looking at social media, you have constant stimulation, communicating to your brain and body to stay busy and to stay committed. It is not just the fact that you are staring at social media that keeps you awake. Media utilization after sleeping, cell phone awakenings at night and sleep balance related to sleep quality of teenagers. Results favor the development of patterns of social media use into teenage sleep wellness education and treatments for sleep dysfunction.

Social Media World
The Internet is engaged in many individual people’s lives, providing access to information, and enabling communication with others through social media platforms. Social networks have developed a massive impact on teens, examples being Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Which are a few of many. Teens depend on social media to contact others and to stay active, some individuals tend to have a dependence on social media. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential relationship between dependence on social media and the quality of weak rest. Social media is very accessible. Individuals tend to stay on social media platforms to communicate with other users or even gain latest information. There is a correlation between Facebook confidence and low sleep quality. Around half of the students reported low-quality sleep. Strategies are needed to moderate the use of this social network and to improve the quality of sleep. (Isabella Wolniczak, Gabriela Palma-Ardiles, Karen J. Arroyo, Rodrigo Solís-Visscher, Stephania Paredes-Yauri, Karina Mego-Aquije, Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, José Alonso Cáceres-DelAguila(2013)). In this research the author’s method was to use a questionnaire to determine the relationship between sleep duration and social media. Results show that teens do overuse social media which leads to less time for quality sleep.

Body Development and Sleep Hygiene
Sleep is a necessary part of healthy development. Individuals do not realize how much time is being taken away when using social media. Researchers examined the association between using social media and sleep duration proving that individuals get 63.6 percent less sleep than recommended by using social media unnecessarily. Students within this study reported 73.4 percent use social media for at least one hour per day. (Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga, Hayley A Hamilton, Jean-Philippe Chaput(2018)). The findings of this study show the need to use social media to check up on current updates or even friends. It has become a necessity to go into social media apps. This research examined the connections between the use of teenage media and sleep performance. The quality of sleep was calculated for one week by actigraphy and both sleep offset and sleep productivity were derived from data from actigraphy, which kept track of the hours of sleep the individual was getting Media utilization after sleeping, cell phone awakenings at night, and sleep offset correlated with sleep quality of teenagers. Results encourage the introduction into teenage sleep health education and sleep disorder treatments of screen consumption patterns. Social Media use after bed was often used on a mobile phone which allowed for individuals to have easy access to SNS. (Aaron D. Fobian, Kristin Avis, David C. Schwebel(2017)). Results show that the use of social media has become a habit for teens/adolescents. In these results the researchers suggest that parents should have rules for bedtime. To help make sure that Teens/ Adolescents get the sleep they need for a good sleep and to get better hygiene. Social media can be so addicting that we do not realize the time that is being taken up by it.

Screen Time
Social media can also affect academic levels because individuals do not get the number of sleeping hours they are supposed to. The key purpose of this research is to resolve this study by exploring the relationship and experimental connections between the use of social media and sleep. For context, participants recorded higher physiological interest during Facebook usage. Such elevated physiological arousal levels can make it more difficult for adolescents to fall asleep Third, teens are exposed to bright screen lights as adolescents engage in the use of SM, which may inhibit the development of the sleep hormone melatonin .It has been found, in accordance with this logic, that individuals who use devices that produce bright screen lights before bedtime take longer to sleep, disrupt their circadian cycles, and report an increase in sleepiness during the daytime. (Winneke A. van der Schuur,Susanne E. Baumgartner & Sindy R. Sumter(2018)). This study states the impacts of the light of a phone while using social media affects sleep patterns of an individual. It has been proven to take longer to sleep because they are exposed to a bright screen.

Academic Levels
Screen media use, sleep, time, and behavioral characteristics are related to the academic success of teenagers, but few are explored regarding interrelationships. Low and high interrelationships and behavioral profiles organized in quality in research. In addition, academic performance among the students who participated in this study is related to sleep time and inversely related to overall sedentary SMU. (Carmen Peiro´-Velert1, Alexandra Valencia-Peris, Luis M. Gonza´lez, Xavier Garcı´a-Masso, Pilar SerraAn , Jose ́ Devis-Devis(2014)). Throughout the study researchers connected the use of phones and easy access to social media, to behavior patterns in adolescents because of the lack of sleep. Teens that received better quality sleep were known to do better at the academy. The youngest of them were adolescents with the highest test records. Compared to those with the lowest outcomes, they slept more and spent less time using sedentary screen devices, and often demonstrated topological interactions with teens with higher socio-economic status. Depending on the teens who spent more than 5.5 hours a day on Social Media. (Carmen Peiro’-Velert1, Alexandra Valencia-Peris, Luis M. Gonzalez, Xavier Garcı’a-Masso, Pilar SerraAn, Jose ‘Devı’s- Devı’s(2014)). Their academic output was poor, and they slept an average of 8 hours daily. Academic success has been specifically correlated to sleep time and social status, but inversely linked to the overall consumption of content on social media.

Social media usage at Night
Social media is usually used at night before individuals go to sleep. Students were asked to fill out a questionnaire that measures poor sleep quality, anxiety/depression, self-esteem, and the emotional investment in social media. As expected, greater cumulative use of social media, night-time use of social media, and emotional investment in social media were all associated with lower sleep quality and higher levels of anxiety and depression. In addition, we observed that cumulative use, night-time use, and emotional investment were all associated with lower self-esteem. (Heather Cleland Woods, Holly Scott(2016)). Researchers measured the use of social media overall at night, social media mental investment, sleep Performance, self-esteem, and levels of distress. Adolescents who have used economic assistance,
individuals who were more mentally invested in social media have experienced poorer quality of sleep, lower self-esteem, and better self-esteem. They have also experienced high anxiety levels and high depression levels. In another study, these researchers sent out surveys across the United States to get a good average result. Surveys were made assessing multiple health behaviors within the citizens. Furthermore, the use of social media may displace sleep. For example, if a person stays up late uploading pictures on Instagram, the individual’s sleep time will be shortened. The use of SM can promote emotional, behavioral, and/or physical symptoms. For instance, watching a YouTube video or participating in intense Facebook discussions just before you go to bed will make a difference in sleep. Bright light emitted by SM devices can delay circadian rhythms. In all cases, sleep may be disturbed by the calming and rewarding nature of Social Media use. (Jessica C. Levenson, Ariel Shensa , Jaime E. Sidani, Jason B. Colditz , Brian A. Primack(2016)). In this study many examples were given to help the reader understand the several types of ways that individuals lose sleep because of social media. In this case at night before they go to sleep. Individuals get too involved in these social media platforms and get distracted easily.

Conclusion
Social media has a significant impact on today’s society, especially the young teens generation because of advanced and modern technology. Social media has many benefits as well if used correctly and not addictive. Connecting with others and learning new things. Although having friends online does not make an individual social but more anti-social because social skills were not taught. Sleep is an important topic to discuss especially with teens because sleep at a teenagers age is the most important. It is when the body and brain are developing. Sleep problems can be created from stress, depression, anxiety, obesity, poor academic performance and weakened mental health. Social media is an addiction which means users are always checking up on daily news or gossip. The excessive use of social media is becoming a social problem. Cutting down on the screen time should be necessary because of the increased number of negative consequences regarding mental and physical health. The amount of screen time for teens increases daily. Users should take a break and gain the mental and physical benefit of staying off social media platforms. Social media is an unhealthy cycle because people connect online instead of in person interactions. Less time on social media will help users to connect more face to face with individuals outside social media platforms. Keeping mindful of one’s emotions and ideas and being present in the moment instead of social media altering thoughts and emotions. Taking a break off social media means more time to learn about yourself and to also catch up on sleep.

References
Der Schuur, Winneke A. van, et al. “Social Media Use, Social Media Stress, and Sleep: Examining Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Relationships in Adolescents.” 2018.
Fobian, A. D., Avis, K., & Schwebel, D. C. (2017, January 1). The Impact of Media Use on Adolescent Sleep Efficiency.
Levenson, J. C., Shensa, A., Sidani, J. E., Colditz, J. B., & Primack, B. A. (2016, January 11). The association between social media use and sleep disturbance among young adults.
Peiro´-Velert, C., Valencia-Peris, A., Gonza´lez, L. M., Garcı´a-Masso, X., SerraAnõ, P., & ´ Devı´s-Devı´s, J. (2014). Screen Media Usage, Sleep Time and Academic Performance in Adolescents: Clustering a Self-Organizing Maps Analysis (Vol. volume 9).
Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Hayley A Hamilton, Jean-Philippe Chaput. (2018). Use of social media is associated with short sleep duration in a dose–response manner in students aged 11 to 20 years. John Wiley & Sons.
Wolniczak, I., Cáceres-DelAguila, J. A., Palma-Ardiles, G., Arroyo, K. J., Solís-Visscher, R., Paredes-Yauri, S., Mego-Aquije, K., & Bernabe-Ortiz, A. (2013). Association between Facebook Dependence and Poor Sleep Quality: A Study in a Sample of Undergraduate Students in Peru.
Woods, H. C., & Scott, H. (2016, June 10). #Sleepyteens: Social media use in adolescence is associated with poor sleep quality, anxiety, depression and low self-esteem. Journal of Adolescence.